Shimano's 25th anniversary Deore XT group receives XTR upgrades along with its own identity

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A fixed B-position will keep the Shadow rear derailleur body(Image credit: James Huang)

Tech Feature: 2008 Shimano Deore XT M770, May 25, 2007

Shimano has really had to rethink its mountain bike componentry offerings over the past few years in light of increasingly stiff competition from its friends in Chicago, and the result has been some fantastic new product. While last year's XTR M970 introduction hasn't had quite the monumental impact of the M950 generation (no companies have gone under as a result this time around, at least as far as we are aware), its stellar performance has certainly reaffirmed the notion that Shimano can belly up to the bar (so to speak) and meet the challenge presented to it when it has its collective head screwed on straight.

This year, Shimano has turned its attention to XTR's older Deore XT sibling, the group which arguably put the company on the mountain bike componentry map 25 years ago. The revamped M770 generation spawns a slew of new technical features, a broad range of options, two all-new wheelsets, plus a level of refinement borne out of a quarter-century of experience. As expected, M770 borrows several plays from M970's book: trickle-down benefits are most evident in the new trigger shifters and Dual Control levers, the carbon-reinforced middle chainring, the faster-engaging freehub body internals, and even some of the overall appearance.

Still, even with its apparent similarities, M770 is not intended to be an 'XTR Jr.' package. While M970 is billed as the ultimate cross-country group that can still hold its own in more demanding situations (reflected in its larger rotor and 20mm thru-axle options), it can be reasoned that M770 is targeted at fully relishing in those more grueling environments but still fit to attack the starting line on any given weekend.

Shimano has said that the new Deore XT was created with the "spirit of adventure and romance of exploration" in mind, and thus has put less emphasis on decreasing the group's weight and more importance on increased functionality and durability. As such, the complete M770 package doesn't really lose any weight as compared to last year, but does gain a bunch of new features that even XTR won't have until later on (if at all). That same level of consistency can't be said of the complete group's cost, however, which will increase by approximately 9% (although Shimano is quick to point out that the new Dual Control levers will actually be cheaper as compared to last year).

The big news here in derailleur-land is the addition of a new Shadow rear derailleur variant intended for rougher environments or situations that are generally more likely to induce impact damage. The unique configuration boasts a much more direct cable path and a particularly low profile that protrudes roughly 15mm less than standard derailleur designs, putting it about even with a quick-release nut.

Even more interesting from a technological standpoint, though, are the geometric deviations from what has historically been Shimano's set-in-stone slant parallelogram design. The Shadow rear derailleur uses a fixed (but adjustable) B position, meaning that there are now just two springs in the system: one in the main body and one in the pulley cage. This also means that there is now no chance for the derailleur to swing up and whack the chainstay as in other versions. In addition, the upper pulley is now concentric with the pulley cage pivot to provide a more consistent chain gap.

Up front, even Shimano is now making some concessions to the big-wheeled crowd. The M770 front derailleur cage profile has been trimmed down and the Top Swing pivot mechanism is now more compact to provide more tire clearance. The cut-down cage obviously helps with wider tires across the board, but the tidier pivot section is a boon for geared 29er riders with short chainstays that often have little room in between the tire and seat tube.

The new Deore XT crankset carries on with Shimano's standard Hollowtech II configuration instead of the modified system found in M970. Shimano does, however, borrow the carbon-reinforced middle chainring construction for XT but now uses steel instead of titanium for the gear teeth. As with XTR, the carbon fiber increases rigidity for more precise shifts, but the steel teeth should boast "at least double" the longevity of an aluminum ring, and should outlast XTR's titanium teeth as well.

At just 55g, the beefier new middle ring is also only about 11g heavier than the all-aluminum M760 version, and should be worlds less expensive than the XTR ring. That combination of performance and durability attributes will likely make it the aftermarket middle ring of choice. The new outer chainring gains a bit of thickness for improved durability as well, and the standard 104/64mm chainring spider BCD is thankfully retained.

M770 will continue to offer both Dual Control and RapidFire shifter options, and both are now decidedly XTR-like, at least as far as gear shifting and cosmetics are concerned. Trigger shifters now incorporate 2-Way Release for thumb or index finger actuation along with Instant Release for more immediate cable movement, and a customized fit is provided by a discrete two-position clamp instead of XTR's sliding mount. Upshifts are still knocked off one gear at a time, but some users might even prefer that, based on our feedback.

XT gains a notable leg up on XTR in the braking department with a new, more rigid, one-piece disc brake caliper as well as the reintroduction of Shimano's Servo Wave technology now adapted for a hydraulic application. As it did initially for rim brakes, Servo Wave moves the brake pads a greater distance during the initial part of the lever stroke for faster pad engagement, then less through the rest of the travel for better modulation. The side benefit to this is that the brake caliper can be designed to provide more pad clearance to reduce rotor rub (woo hoo!).

In addition, hydraulic levers will also incorporate a tool-free reach adjustment and even an adjustable lever throw similar to what Avid provides on its higher-end Juicy models. Dual Control and separate levers will both be offered in mechanical and hydraulic versions which now use a tidier radial master cylinder arrangement. All levers also boast a revised lever bend that now has more of a 'hook' at the end to better accommodate one-finger braking.

Shimano will launch not one, but two complete XT wheelsets. The WH-M775 is the more XC-oriented of the two with similar dimensions and nearly identical overall layout to the XTR WH-M975 wheelset. The Deore XT version doesn't use a scandium-enhanced rim, though, and makes do with 14/15g butted spokes and a steel freehub body. However, much of the rest of XTR's benefits apply, including the 24-hole spoke count, full UST tubeless compatibility, and faster-engaging rear hub internals.

Not surprisingly, all of the disc-compatible wheels and hubs will only be offered with Center Lock brake rotor compatibility (20mm versions will also use the standard CL format, not the oversized one of Saint). However, as has always been the case nearly since Center Lock's introduction, third-party aftermarket adapters are available for six-bolt rotors. Predictably, Shimano retains use of serviceable and adjustable angular contact cup and cone-style bearings throughout the line.

Shimano's chosen launching pad for its new group was certainly a rather unconventional one, just slightly shy of the southernmost tip of Baja, Mexico. That region isn't exactly known for its legendary mountain biking, but some well-informed direction from our very capable NaturAdventure guides led us to some great trails bordering the Sea of Cortex so maybe it should be. Let's just say the view was rather spectacular and we'll leave it at that.

To be fair, we weren't able to put all that much time into the new Deore XT during our stay, but subsequent forays upon our return have reinforced our overwhelmingly positive first impressions. Just as we experienced with M970, the new M770 trigger shifters are superb, offering much improved ergonomics, feedback, and feel (we'd expect similar improvements to Dual Control although we haven't laid hands on it just yet).

Braking is arguably the new group's most impressive feature, with distinctly more power than XTR, superb modulation, and a particularly snappy and responsive lever feel. The adjustable lever throw and tool-free reach adjuster are also welcome additions for a more personalized fit. So far, our test 180/160mm front/rear rotor setup has provided more than ample bite, and the 203mm rotor configuration will most likely be reserved only for the most demanding conditions.

Although marginally heavier than the XTR version, the WH-M775 wheelset offers up the same snappy responsiveness and easy UST inflation. The new freehub body, in particular, is a most welcome feature, particularly in technical situations where a few extra degrees of lag can mean the difference between making it through and falling over in shame. Shimano didn't have test samples of the WH-M776 version available at the time of the introduction, so we'll report on those in the near future.